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Diabetes Mellitus — Dental Implications

General Medicine • NEET MDS Study Guide • AI-Generated Notes

⭐ High-Yield Facts for Exam

  • Type 1 = autoimmune; Type 2 ≈ 90% (resistance).
  • HbA1c = 3-month average; <7% good control.
  • Diabetes ↔ periodontal disease.
  • Delayed healing, candidiasis, xerostomia.
  • Prevent hypoglycaemia: morning visits, glucose ready.

Diabetes Mellitus — Dental Implications

Types

  • Type 1 — autoimmune β-cell destruction, insulin-dependent.
  • Type 2 — insulin resistance (≈90% of cases).

Monitoring

HbA1c reflects ~3-month average glycaemia; <7% indicates good control.

Oral/Dental Implications

Increased periodontal disease (bidirectional relationship), delayed wound healing, candidiasis, xerostomia, and risk of hypoglycaemia during appointments. Schedule morning appointments, ensure the patient has eaten/taken medication, and keep glucose available.

Exam Tips ⭐

Type 2 ≈ 90%; HbA1c <7% = good control; diabetes ↔ periodontal disease; watch for hypoglycaemia.

📝 Practice MCQs — Diabetes Mellitus — Dental Implications

Q1. HbA1c reflects average blood glucose over approximately:
A. 1 day
B. 1 week
C. 3 months
D. 1 year
Show Answer
✅ Answer: C
HbA1c reflects ~3-month average glycaemia.
Q2. The oral condition strongly linked bidirectionally with diabetes is:
A. Caries only
B. Periodontal disease
C. Fluorosis
D. Attrition
Show Answer
✅ Answer: B
Periodontitis and diabetes have a bidirectional relationship.
Q3. Which type of diabetes accounts for ~90% of cases?
A. Type 1
B. Type 2
C. Gestational
D. MODY
Show Answer
✅ Answer: B
Type 2 (insulin resistance) is most common.
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