Fluoride & Preventive Measures
Fluoride
- Optimal water fluoridation ≈ 0.7 ppm (current US PHS recommendation).
- Fluoride varnish ≈ 5% NaF (~22,600 ppm F); APF gel = 1.23%.
- Mechanism: promotes remineralisation and forms acid-resistant fluorapatite; topical effect predominates.
- Excess during development → dental fluorosis (assessed by Dean's index).
Pit & Fissure Sealants
The most effective measure to prevent occlusal (pit-and-fissure) caries; resin-based sealants need a dry, etched surface.
Exam Tips ⭐
Optimal water F ≈ 0.7 ppm; varnish ~22,600 ppm; APF 1.23%; sealants = best occlusal caries prevention; Dean's index for fluorosis.
📝 Practice MCQs — Fluoride & Preventive Measures
Q1. The current optimal fluoride level in drinking water is about:
A. 0.7 ppm
B. 2 ppm
C. 5 ppm
D. 10 ppm
Show Answer
✅ Answer: A
0.7 ppm is the current recommended optimum.
Q2. The most effective method to prevent occlusal (pit & fissure) caries is:
A. Brushing alone
B. Pit & fissure sealants
C. Mouthwash
D. Diet only
Show Answer
✅ Answer: B
Sealants most effectively prevent pit-and-fissure caries.
Q3. Dental fluorosis is assessed by:
A. DMFT
B. Dean's index
C. OHI-S
D. CPI
Show Answer
✅ Answer: B
Dean's fluorosis index grades enamel fluorosis.
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Related Topics
Behavior Management TechniquesDental Indices — DMFT, OHI-S, CPIWater Fluoridation & Fluoride Toxicity