Periodontal Regeneration
Guided Tissue Regeneration (GTR)
A barrier membrane excludes fast-growing epithelium so periodontal ligament cells can regenerate the attachment apparatus.
Bone Grafts
- Autograft — patient's own bone; the gold standard (osteogenic, osteoinductive, osteoconductive).
- Allograft — same species (e.g., DFDBA = osteoinductive; FDBA = osteoconductive).
- Xenograft — other species (e.g., Bio-Oss).
- Alloplast — synthetic.
Biologics
Emdogain (enamel matrix derivative) mimics development to promote regeneration; PRF (platelet-rich fibrin) delivers autologous growth factors.
Exam Tips ⭐
Autograft = gold standard; DFDBA = osteoinductive; GTR uses a membrane; Emdogain = enamel matrix derivative.
📝 Practice MCQs — GTR, Bone Grafts, Growth Factors
Q1. The gold standard bone graft material is:
A. Xenograft
B. Alloplast
C. Autograft
D. Allograft
Show Answer
✅ Answer: C
Autografts are osteogenic, osteoinductive and osteoconductive.
Q2. GTR works by using a membrane to:
A. Speed epithelial growth
B. Exclude epithelium so PDL cells regenerate
C. Remove bone
D. Whiten roots
Show Answer
✅ Answer: B
The barrier excludes epithelium, allowing periodontal regeneration.
Q3. DFDBA is best described as:
A. Osteoconductive only
B. Osteoinductive
C. Synthetic
D. Xenograft
Show Answer
✅ Answer: B
Demineralised freeze-dried bone allograft is osteoinductive.
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